In today's market, choosing your first "real" camera can feel overwhelming. Not only are there hundreds of models available in just about any budget range, you have hundreds of lenses available to choose from as well. But don’t stress! We’re here break down what you need to know to make an informed decision and get shooting.
DSLR vs. Mirrorless: Making Your Choice
The first major decision in your camera journey is choosing between DSLR and mirrorless systems. Let's break down the pros and cons of each:
DSLR Cameras
A DSLR (Digital Single-Lens Reflex) camera uses a mirror system to direct light from the lens to the optical viewfinder, letting you see exactly what you'll capture. When you press the shutter, the mirror flips up, allowing light to hit the digital sensor instead of the viewfinder. This mechanical system provides excellent battery life and authentic through-the-lens viewing, though it makes the camera larger and heavier than mirrorless alternatives.
Pros:
Superior battery life due to optical viewfinder
More affordable entry-level options
Extensive used market with great deals
Larger hand grips, better ergonomics for large lenses
Optical viewfinder shows exactly what your eye sees
Vast selection of native lenses, especially in used market
Cons:
Larger and heavier bodies
Slower continuous shooting in most cases
No exposure preview in viewfinder
Generally slower autofocus in live view
More complex mechanical structure with more moving parts
Typically inferior video performance
Mirrorless Cameras
A mirrorless camera captures images without using a mirror system, instead sending light directly from the lens to the digital sensor. The sensor then displays a real-time digital preview on both the rear screen and electronic viewfinder. This design allows for smaller, lighter cameras with features like real-time exposure preview and better video capabilities, though at the cost of shorter battery life and a heftier price tag.
Pros:
Smaller and lighter bodies
What you see is what you get (WYSIWYG) electronic viewfinder
Superior video capabilities
Faster continuous shooting speeds
Better autofocus coverage across the frame
In-viewfinder exposure preview and focus aids
Cons:
Shorter battery life
Generally more expensive for entry-level models
Electronic viewfinder can lag in low light
More limited lens selection (though rapidly expanding)
Weather sealing typically reserved for higher-end mode
Major Players in the Camera World
The camera market is dominated by several trusted brands:
Nikon and Canon: The traditional powerhouses, offering extensive lens ecosystems and proven reliability
Sony: The mirrorless pioneer, known for cutting-edge technology and excellent autofocus systems
Fujifilm: Renowned for superior color science and retro-styled bodies with intuitive controls
While there are dozens, if not hundreds, of alternatives, investing in a trusted brand from the above is recommended, especially when purchasing your first camera.
Key Specifications to Consider
When researching cameras, focus on these essential specs:
Sensor size (Full-frame vs. APS-C)
Resolution (megapixels)
ISO range for low-light performance
Autofocus points and capability
Weather sealing
Video features (if you're interested in hybrid shooting)
The Case for Buying Used
Don't dismiss the used market. Many photographers upgrade regularly, meaning you can find excellent deals on slightly older models. Used cameras from reputable sellers often offer significant savings while delivering professional-quality results. Just ensure the shutter count isn't excessive and the body shows minimal wear.
Invest in Good Glass
Here's a crucial secret: your lens choice matters as much or more than your camera body. A professional-grade lens on an entry-level camera will often outperform a kit lens on a top-tier body. Consider starting with a modest body and investing in one or two quality lenses that suit your photography style. When looking at lenses, keep in mind that brand-name lenses from Nikon or Canon will almost always be more expensive than alternatives such as Sigma or Tamron. With camera bodies, we recommend purchasing from one of the leading manufacturers. With lenses though, Sigma and Tamron make some incredibly good lenses at a more affordable price.
Try Before You Buy
Take advantage of rental services like lensrentals.com or local shops like Hunt's Photo & Video. Renting lets you test different bodies and lenses before committing to a purchase. A weekend rental could save you from an expensive mistake, and lets you find which type of camera feels best in your hands.
Setting a Realistic Budget
When planning your camera purchase, remember that the camera body is just the beginning. Here's what to budget for:
Essential Photography Gear
Camera body (50-60% of total budget)
Primary lens (25-30%)
Secondary lens (optional, 15-20%)
Memory cards
Camera bag with padding and weather protection
Extra battery
Basic cleaning kit
Budget Distribution Example
Entry-Level Setup ($1000 total):
$500-600: Camera body
$250-300: Quality standard zoom lens
$100: Camera bag
$50: Two high-speed SD cards
$50: Extra battery and cleaning supplies
Mid-Range Setup ($2000 total):
$1000-1200: Camera body
$500-600: Primary lens
$200: Secondary lens
$100: Professional camera bag
$100: Multiple high-speed cards
$100: Accessories (batteries, filters, cleaning kit)
Remember: Investing in quality lenses usually provides better long-term value than spending everything on the camera body. Lenses retain their value and can transfer to future camera bodies within the same system.
The Best Camera Is the One You Have
Remember this golden rule: the best camera is the one you already have. While gear is important, it's your skills that truly matter. Consider investing in local photography classes (signing up for a BPW photo walk is a great first place to start!) alongside your camera purchase. Understanding composition, lighting, and basic photography principles will improve your images more than any expensive equipment.
Starting with a modest camera and focusing on learning the craft will serve you better than jumping straight into professional-grade gear. As your skills grow, you'll develop a better understanding of which features and upgrades will truly benefit your photography. Curious which cameras we think are the best available? Check out our article on the best cameras you can buy in 2025
Written by: Nathan Smith, Photographer